Plants use photosynthesis to make food and grow. Plants need three things: CO2, Water H2O, and Light in order to synthesize sugars and produce oxygen. Using the energy from the sun, chlorophyll combines water with CO2 to form glucose (sugar). Oxygen is released during the decomposition process. The water is absorbed by the plant's roots (and sometimes the leaves)
Carbon dioxide is obtained from the air through tiny breathing pores on the underside of its leaves called stomata. These leaves are flat, thin, and green so that plants can absorb more light from the sun.
Plants use the energy from sunlight to take in carbon dioxide and water, which they use to make their own sugars. This process happens within special parts of plant cells called chloroplasts. The parts inside of the chloroplast that do the actual job of photosynthesis are called thylakoids; they contain chlorophyll and look like discs with larger openings at each end.
The light that arrives at the Earth’s surface is made up of tiny packets of energy called photons. Plants use the energy from these photons to power the (rather lengthy) process of photosynthesis. The chlorophyll inside the thylakoids absorbs the photons of light, using its energy to split water molecules in order to make food for plants.
The process of photosynthesis is found within two types of protein complexes called Photosystem I and Photosystem II. Both of these complexes are located on the thylakoid membrane, which is made up mostly of proteins. Light can move through the complex and ultimately turn water into oxygen and sugars. An important part of this process is that every reaction is only possible because all elements are in exactly the right place at exactly the right time, as each product inhibits its own reaction.